Diabetologia

Younger age at diabetes diagnosis is linked to higher risk of death from heart disease and stroke, yet lower risk of cancer death

Read this new research by Professor Dianna Magliano and Professor Jonathan Shaw (Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia) and colleagues.
For further information contact Professor Dianna Magliano and Professor Jonathan Shaw via Suzana Talevski in the Baker Press Office (Suzana.talevski@baker.edu.au).

Click here to view this month's contents

The cover shows a three-dimensional construction of a Coxsackie B virus, a type of enterovirus. These viruses typically cause a mild respiratory illness but they also have properties that allow them to spread to the pancreatic islets and cause beta cell damage. Their role in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes has been suspected but not confirmed, although in recent years the link has been supported by accumulating scientific evidence. In the present issue of Diabetologia Sioofy-Khojine et al build on this evidence by reporting on data from the Finnish Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention (DIPP) study. They show that Coxsackie B virus is associated with a specific phenotype of type 1 diabetes that is characterised by initiation of islet autoimmunity against insulin.

Cover credit: SCIENCE PICTURE CO/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY

Download the high resolution cover image

Competition for publication in Diabetologia is greater than ever, and less than 20% of papers are accepted. Of all the high-quality papers that appear in this month's issue I want to share with you some articles that I find to be of particular interest. These will be featured 'up front' in the print issue and here on our website. Sally Marshall, Editor

Biomarkers of cardiovascular disease: contributions to risk prediction in individuals with diabetes
by Katherine N. Bachmann, Thomas J. Wang

In this issue (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-017-4442-9), Bachmann and Wang review the current and potential uses of biomarkers of cardiovascular disease in individuals with diabetes. At present, some individual biomarkers and combinations of biomarkers produce modest improvements in cardiovascular risk prediction in people with diabetes beyond traditional cardiovascular risk factors. New technological advances should facilitate the identification of novel biomarkers and biomarker panels that contribute to risk stratification. Ultimately, any new risk prediction models will need to be adopted into clinical practice and subsequently influence decision making and/or patients' behaviour if they are to improve clinical outcomes in diabetes.
The figures from this review are available as a downloadable slideset. [Text supplied by the authors.]

Download a pdf

****************************

Biomarkers of diabetic kidney disease
by Helen M. Colhoun, M. Loredana Marcovecchio

At present no novel biomarkers of diabetic kidney disease are in routine use clinically or in trials, despite large-scale research efforts in this area. In this issue (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-018-4567-5), Colhoun and Marcovecchio review the current status of prognostic biomarkers. They first consider the role of routine clinical data in predicting who will develop kidney disease and whose disease will rapidly progress. They go on to review reports of individual candidate biomarkers and panels of candidate biomarkers, and discuss the contribution of 'omic' discovery approaches to date. Finally, the authors consider some of the limitations of the currently adopted approaches and make recommendations on how the field might progress in the future.
The figures from this review are available as a downloadable slideset. [Text supplied by the authors.]

Download a pdf

****************************

Diabetes in pregnancy: a new decade of challenges ahead
by Ute Schaefer-Graf, Angela Napoli, Christopher J. Nolan, the Diabetic Pregnancy Study Group

The Diabetic Pregnancy Study Group, a study group of the EASD, recently reviewed progress and set new directions for research and clinical practice improvements for women affected by diabetes in pregnancy. As summarised in this issue (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-018-4545-y), for women with pregestational type 1 and type 2 diabetes, national benchmarking, promoting and ensuring access to preconception care, and improved use of new technologies (such as continuous glucose monitoring, insulin analogues and insulin pumps) are seen as priorities. For women with gestational diabetes, we need to close the gaps in evidence, such as the value of early diagnosis, optimal glycaemic targets for treatment, and the use of non-insulin therapies. It is always necessary to take into account other maternal morbidities, such as obesity, and the transgenerational impact and economic costs of diabetes. Basic and clinical research priorities, including the use of new 'omics' technologies, are discussed, as well as current and future uses of precision medicine approaches within the field. [Text supplied by the authors.]

Download a pdf

****************************

Impact of age at diagnosis and duration of type 2 diabetes on mortality in Australia 1997-2011
by Lili Huo, Dianna J. Magliano, Fanny Rancière, Jessica L. Harding, Natalie Nanayakkara, Jonathan E. Shaw, Bendix Carstensen

There has been a progressive increase in the prevalence of early-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus, with some evidence suggesting that it may be a more aggressive form of diabetes. In this issue (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-018-4544-z), Huo et al seek to understand the impact of age at diagnosis on mortality. Using a cohort of 743,000 Australian adults with type 2 diabetes, the authors report that a younger age at diagnosis is associated with higher all-cause, cardiovascular disease, ischaemic heart disease and stroke mortality, but slightly lower cancer mortality, compared with those who are diagnosed at an older age. The authors suggest that this may be due to higher levels of risk factors in those with younger onset diabetes. Aggressive management of risk factors in those with early-onset type 2 diabetes, and stronger measures to delay the onset of type 2 diabetes, may be warranted. [Text supplied by the authors.]

Download a pdf

****************************

Prospective evaluation of insulin and incretin dynamics in obese adults with and without diabetes for 2 years after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
by Jonathan Q. Purnell, Geoffrey S. Johnson, Abdus S. Wahed, Chiara Dalla Man, Francesca Piccinini, Claudio Cobelli, Ronald L. Prigeon, Bret H. Goodpaster, David E. Kelley, Myrlene A. Staten, Karen E. Foster-Schubert, David E. Cummings, David R. Flum, Anita P. Courcoulas, Peter J. Havel, Bruce M. Wolfe

Rates of type 2 diabetes remission are high following gastric bypass. Mechanisms mediating this response include both post-surgical weight loss and procedure-specific metabolic changes (e.g. increases in glucagon-like peptide 1 levels) thought to improve insulin secretion response. In this issue (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-018-4553-y), Purnell et al studied the durability of changes in insulin sensitivity and islet cell insulin secretory response to both a mixed meal and intravenous glucose infusion after gastric bypass in those with and without diabetes. The authors found sustained improvements of multiple islet cell defects for up to 2 years in those with diabetes prior to surgery, including increased acute insulin response to intravenous glucose. While these improvements were enough to induce clinical remission of diabetes, insulin secretory responses remained well below population norms. As poor insulin secretion capacity is a key marker of diabetes recurrence following bariatric surgery, our data suggest that gastric bypass should be considered before diabetes onset, or as soon as possible thereafter. [Text supplied by the authors.]

Download a pdf

Back to top

Up front

Up front May 2018

Reviews

Biomarkers of cardiovascular disease: contributions to risk prediction in individuals with diabetes
Katherine N. Bachmann, Thomas J. Wang

Biomarkers of diabetic kidney disease
Helen M. Colhoun, M. Loredana Marcovecchio

Diabetes in pregnancy: a new decade of challenges ahead
Ute Schaefer-Graf, Angela Napoli, Christopher J. Nolan

Commentary

Caring for pregnant women whose diabetes antedates pregnancy: is there room for improvement?
David A. Sacks, Denice S. Feig

Articles

• Clinical Science and Care
• Epidemiology
• Genetics
• Islet Studies
• Metabolism
• Pathophysiology and Complications

Clinical Science and Care

Pharmacogenomics in diabetes: outcomes of thiamine therapy in TRMA syndrome
Abdelhadi M. Habeb, Sarah E. Flanagan, Mohamed A. Zulali, Mohamed A. Abdullah, Renata Pomahačová, Veselin Boyadzhiev, Lesby E. Colindres, Guillermo V. Godoy, Thiruvengadam Vasanthi, Ramlah Al Saif, Aria Setoodeh, Amirreza Haghighi, Alireza Haghighi, Yomna Shaalan, International Neonatal Diabetes Consortium, Andrew T. Hattersley, Sian Ellard, Elisa De Franco

Long-term BMI and growth profiles in offspring of women with gestational diabetes
Nurah M. Hammoud, Gerard H. A. Visser, Lenie van Rossem, Douwe H. Biesma, Jan M. Wit, Harold W. de Valk

Back to top of this issue list

Epidemiology

Serum metabolomic profile of incident diabetes
Casey M. Rebholz, Bing Yu, Zihe Zheng, Patrick Chang, Adrienne Tin, Anna Köttgen, Lynne E. Wagenknecht, Josef Coresh, Eric Boerwinkle, Elizabeth Selvin

Impact of age at diagnosis and duration of type 2 diabetes on mortality in Australia 1997–2011
Lili Huo, Dianna J. Magliano, Fanny Rancière, Jessica L. Harding, Natalie Nanayakkara, Jonathan E. Shaw, Bendix Carstensen

Clinically meaningful and lasting HbA_1c improvement rarely occurs after 5 years of type 1 diabetes: an argument for early, targeted and aggressive intervention following diagnosis
Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar, Nuredin Mohammed, Konstantinos A. Toulis, G. Neil Thomas, Parth Narendran

Impact of type 1 diabetes on maternal long-term risk of hospitalisation and mortality: a nationwide combined clinical and register-based cohort study (The EPICOM study)
Sine Knorr, Svend Juul, Birgitte Bytoft, Zuzana Lohse, Tine D. Clausen, Rikke B. Jensen, Peter Damm, Henning Beck-Nielsen, Elisabeth R. Mathiesen, Dorte M. Jensen, Claus H. Gravholt

Diabetes and pregnancy: national trends over a 15 year period
Sharon T. Mackin, Scott M. Nelson, Joannes J. Kerssens, Rachael Wood, Sarah Wild, Helen M. Colhoun, Graham P. Leese, Sam Philip, Robert S. Lindsay, on behalf of the SDRN Epidemiology Group

Hyperglycaemia is associated with cancer-related but not non-cancer-related deaths: evidence from the IPC cohort
Jean-Marc Simon, Frederique Thomas, Sebastien Czernichow, Olivier Hanon, Cedric Lemogne, Tabassome Simon, Bruno Pannier, Nicolas Danchin

Back to top of this issue list

Genetics

Meta-genome-wide association studies identify a locus on chromosome 1 and multiple variants in the MHC region for serum C-peptide in type 1 diabetes
Delnaz Roshandel, Rose Gubitosi-Klug, Shelley B. Bull, Angelo J. Canty, Marcus G. Pezzolesi, George L. King, Hillary A. Keenan, Janet K. Snell-Bergeon, David M. Maahs, Ronald Klein, Barbara E. K. Klein, Trevor J. Orchard, Tina Costacou, Michael N. Weedon, DCCT/EDIC Research Group, Richard A. Oram, Andrew D. Paterson

FAM13A and POM121C are candidate genes for fasting insulin: functional follow-up analysis of a genome-wide association study
Veroniqa Lundbäck, Agne Kulyte, Rona J. Strawbridge, Mikael Ryden, Peter Arner, Claude Marcus, Ingrid Dahlman

Back to top of this issue list

Islet Studies

Beta cell extracellular vesicle miR-21-5p cargo is increased in response to inflammatory cytokines and serves as a biomarker of type 1 diabetes
Alexander J. Lakhter, Rachel E. Pratt, Rachel E. Moore, Kaitlin K. Doucette, Bernhard F. Maier, Linda A. DiMeglio, Emily K. Sims

Back to top of this issue list

Metabolism

Prediction of clamp-derived insulin sensitivity from the oral glucose insulin sensitivity index
Andrea Tura, Gaetano Chemello, Julia Szendroedi, Christian Göbl, Kristine Færch, Jana Vrbíková, Giovanni Pacini, Ele Ferrannini, Michael Roden

Prospective evaluation of insulin and incretin dynamics in obese adults with and without diabetes for 2 years after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
Jonathan Q. Purnell, Geoffrey S. Johnson, Abdus S. Wahed, Chiara Dalla Man, Francesca Piccinini, Claudio Cobelli, Ronald L. Prigeon, Bret H. Goodpaster, David E. Kelley, Myrlene A. Staten, Karen E. Foster-Schubert, David E. Cummings, David R. Flum, Anita P. Courcoulas, Peter J. Havel, Bruce M. Wolfe

Differential expression of Lp-PLA2 in obesity and type 2 diabetes and the influence of lipids
Laura Jackisch, Warunee Kumsaiyai, Jonathan D. Moore, Nasser Al-Daghri, Ioannis Kyrou, Thomas M. Barber, Harpal Randeva, Sudhesh Kumar, Gyanendra Tripathi, Philip G. McTernan

Increased Ifi202b/IFI16 expression stimulates adipogenesis in mice and humans
Mandy Stadion, Kristin Schwerbel, Antonia Graja, Christian Baumeier, Maria Rödiger, Wenke Jonas, Christian Wolfrum, Harald Staiger, Andreas Fritsche, Hans-Ulrich Häring, Nora Klöting, Matthias Blüher, Pamela Fischer-Posovszky, Tim J. Schulz, Hans-Georg Joost, Heike Vogel, Annette Schürmann

Follicle-stimulating hormone enhances hepatic gluconeogenesis by GRK2-mediated AMPK hyperphosphorylation at Ser485 in mice
Xiaoyi Qi, Yanjing Guo, Yongfeng Song, Chunxiao Yu, Lifang Zhao, Li Fang, Dehuan Kong, Jiajun Zhao, Ling Gao

Back to top of this issue list

Pathophysiology and Complications

Coxsackievirus B1 infections are associated with the initiation of insulin-driven autoimmunity that progresses to type 1 diabetes
Amir-Babak Sioofy-Khojine, Jussi Lehtonen, Noora Nurminen, Olli H. Laitinen, Sami Oikarinen, Heini Huhtala, Outi Pakkanen, Tanja Ruokoranta, Minna M. Hankaniemi, Jorma Toppari, Mari Vähä-Mäkilä, Jorma Ilonen, Riitta Veijola, Mikael Knip, Heikki Hyöty

Regression of albuminuria and its association with incident cardiovascular outcomes and mortality in type 1 diabetes: the FinnDiane Study
Fanny J. Jansson, Carol Forsblom, Valma Harjutsalo, Lena M. Thorn, Johan Wadén, Nina Elonen, Aila J. Ahola, Markku Saraheimo, Per-Henrik Groop, on behalf of the FinnDiane Study Group

Galectin-3 is independently associated with progression of nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Kathryn C. B. Tan, Ching-Lung Cheung, Alan C. H. Lee, Joanne K. Y. Lam, Ying Wong, Sammy W. M. Shiu

Role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in 12/15-lipoxygenase-induced retinal microvascular dysfunction in a mouse model of diabetic retinopathy
Khaled Elmasry, Ahmed S. Ibrahim, Heba Saleh, Nehal Elsherbiny, Sally Elshafey, Khaled A. Hussein, Mohamed Al-Shabrawey

Back to top of this issue list

Letters

Can insulin response patterns predict metabolic disease risk in individuals with normal glucose tolerance?
Catherine A. P. Crofts, Kenneth Brookler, George Henderson

Can insulin response patterns predict metabolic disease risk in individuals with normal glucose tolerance? Reply to Crofts CAP, Brookler K, Henderson G [letter]
Adam Hulman, Dorte Vistisen, Charlotte Glümer, Michael Bergman, Daniel R. Witte, Kristine Færch

Back to top

Retraction Note

Retraction Note to: MIR221/MIR222-driven post-transcriptional regulation of P27KIP1 and P57KIP2 is crucial for high-glucose- and AGE-mediated vascular cell damage
G. Togliatto, A. Trombetta, P. Dentelli, A. Rosso, M. F. Brizzi

Correction

Correction to: Chronomedicine and type 2 diabetes: shining some light on melatonin
Andrew C. Forrestel, Susanne U. Miedlich, Michael Yurcheshen, Steven D. Wittlin, Michael T. Sellix

Back to top